Factoring Blog - For Small Businesses

I am glad to see that students at Hunter College and Brooklyn College are encouraged to write and publish on the web, after their articles have been edited by the faculty. Here is an excerpt from Suzanne Macguire’s report, Boost Your Business With Effective Financial Management.

Receivable factoring or credit card factoring is another unique working capital management strategy, whereby the businesses sell their future receivables at a discount. However, it is not possible for all small businesses to document their receivables in order to qualify for this financing option. The documented sales volume and credit card sales activity of these small businesses serve as financial asset to attain a business cash advance or a merchant cash advance. (NyCityWatch.org)

I want to tell the students at the faculty that documenting receivables is usually not much of a problem for the small businesses who use the Facteon factoring services.  If you have an invoice that’s due you, you just send Facteon the invoice and provide some information including a contact at the customer that owes the invoice, and the factoring company takes it from there.  Please read our FAQ for more information.

I found a really interesting article by a U.K. businessman who goes by the nom de plume of the “Unknown Entrepreneur.”

The title of the article is a tad sensational, but the article is actually well-balanced despite sounding negative at first.

In it the Unknown Entrepreneur talks from personal experience about the positives and negatives of his experience with factoring in the U.K. He writes:

“The positives

1. Increase your cashflow - allowing you to focus on your daily business activities.

2. Insure your risk - it can cost you but remember if you have a net profit of 10%%, any loss your suffer you will have to write ten times the revenue to recover the loss.

3. Fees can be negotiated - as you grow and if you have a clean book you can negotiate your fee down.

4. Your own back end office - if you opt for for confidential factoring your client will not know that you factor and you then collect out your own ledger then pay your factor the money you collect out.

5. If you do not have a back office then non - confidential factoring can be a great bonus as the factors chase the money that you are owed and this can be an advantage as the factors will apply pressure when you need it.”

The author also includes some negatives relating to invoice factoring, including several points that were lessons learned from a particular instance where his company had made an operational mistake. But even though that situation was difficult for his company, he says he would use a factor again, noting in part:

“Keep your operations tight and you will benefit from using factoring services… I would absolutely use factors again but this time would ensure that we would not make a operational mistake like we did.…”

It is important to have an eye on the risk of inflation, if you want to be safe when it comes to getting paid. If the prices for raw materials and basic stuff are going up and up, the producers have to adjust their prices accordingly.

Some providers are protecting their risks against rising commodity prices, by adding commodity surcharges.  Or they are reserving the right to increase prices with short notice in the event their costs have increased.

The Economist states that the “double-digit price rises are about to afflict two-thirds of the world’s population.” Here is an excerpt from the article, Inflation’s back.

Taken as a whole (and using official figures), the average world inflation rate has risen to 5.5%, its highest since 1999. The main cause has been the surge in the prices of food and oil, which briefly soared above $135 a barrel this week. But Mr Trichet’s concern is that higher headline rates could push up inflation expectations, leading to bigger pay demands, and so trigger a wage-price spiral, as in the 1970s. Central bankers’ mistake then was to hold monetary policy too loose, so that higher oil prices quickly fed into other prices. So it is worrying that global monetary policy is now at its loosest since the 1970s: the average world real interest rate is negative. (Economist, May 22, 2008.)

Does this apply to you?  Have you added commodity surcharges to your invoices? If that is the case, how are reactions from your customers?

It is always interesting to trace something back to is origin and look at the roots of a certain economic phenomena. Tom McCarthy, senior financial consultant in Texas, has written a post with the title, History Of Invoice Factoring - From Past To Present!

I don’t know where the information came from originally or even how accurate it is, but it certainly makes for an interesting story. To the extent that it is accurate, it shows the interwoven nature of factoring and day to day business. Factoring has an ancient history and is a well established form of funding for a business.

He writes, in part:

Elements of factoring can be traced back to the Mesopotamians, who are credited with being the cradle of civilization and the first to generate business code structures and government regulations for commerce. Experts have evidence that proves 4,000 years ago, the Mesopotamians also created the concept of factoring. Following Mesopotamia, there is evidence that the Romans sold promissory notes at discounted prices. Roman merchants also enlisted the services of collectors to settle trade debts. But factoring as we know it today got its start in the Middle Ages. * * *

By the time English colonists settled in the new world, America, this type of financing had become common. Both English settlers in the new world and English merchants were in prime situations to make lots of money. Due to the time distance in getting their goods, by boat, from the colonies back to England and vice versa, these merchants could have gone bankrupt waiting on their money. Cotton, timber, fur and tobacco industries all spurned their own factoring segments. Merchant bankers in London advanced funds to colonists for goods and materials before they made the journey across the ocean. They would ship their goods to the colonists or back to England where one of these factors would pay a discounted rate to the seller before the voyage and afterwards take a percentage for selling and collecting the money owed.

Factoring became a common business practice. Until the 1700s, England and the US shared a common law framework. Originally, English law forbade the selling of invoices unless the debtor was notified in advance. Of course, the United States developed its own government. In the late 1940s United States almost wholly adopted non-notification factoring arrangements and witnessed a boom in factoring in textile industries and transportation industries.

When did you first hear about factoring?

Robert S. Bernstein has written a book called, Get P.A.I.D. — A Guide to Getting Paid Faster. He explains the four pillars of “getting paid” (Preparation - Assessment - Implementation - Defense) in his article, Credit to cash. Businesses desiring payment must give credit wisely.

Two of the key points he makes are:

(1) that most small businesses extend credit to their customers whether they realize it or not, by performing services and providing goods before getting payment, and

(2)  that there are hidden costs to operating your business by extending credit, whether you realize it or not.

He writes:

Small businesses and entrepreneurs need help deciding when to extend credit to customers and how to make sure they get paid. In case it isn’t clear, when a business extends credit to a customer (selling goods or services on credit), it is risking a loss in order to make a profit. If the customer doesn’t pay, all the materials, labor and know-how to produce that order have gone for naught.In addition, there are many hidden costs to extending credit for a business.

The cost of capital (that could be used elsewhere), the cost of staff to monitor credit, the cost of collecting delinquencies and the cost in damage to the relationship with delinquent customers.

These costs escalate the longer-past due a customer gets. Thus, it is very important to have the correct business processes to know how to extend credit, how to manage the credit you extend and how to collect from your customers.

I would suggest that those hidden costs are ones to consider in weighing factoring as an option.

Yes, with factoring you pay a fee to a factor.  In exchange for that fee, you receive a large chunk of the money owed you right away, within a few days, sometimes within one day.  And the remainder of the money (less the factoring fee) is paid when the invoice is collected.
However, as you decide on a course of action and consider whether factoring is right for you, you might want to balance those “hidden expenses” against the factoring fee.  You may not necessarily be saving any money if you have to wait  months to get paid.

It is interesting to see how alternative ways of getting financing are popping up on the market.

An article on the SFGate site explains that there are fewer SBA loans backed by the government available at the moment as well as pressure on regular banks — all giving fuel and opportunity for alternative financing.

It is a positive sign (even in the midst of a slow economy) that small businesses still find a way — they find ways of receiving money to finance the startup and expansion of their businesses. Here is an excerpt from the article:

These days, small business owners like Metzger have to be creative about getting the money to start and expand their companies. Many are turning to non-traditional sources, such as credit unions. Increasing numbers are going to online lending Web sites that cut out the traditional bank middleman and to factoring companies, which buy companies’ future revenues.

Factoring is enjoying a cyclical upturn that it often sees during economic downturns, while credit unions and online social lenders hope the uptick in their small-business lending volume survives even after banks’ lending returns to normal. …

The article makes some sweeping assumptions about factoring and assumes that all factors operate the same. However, even so, the basic point of the article is a good one: small business owners like you have more sources for getting funding for your business than the traditional SBA loan or bank loan.

Just because the Small Business Administration is giving fewer loans under their main loan program doesn’t mean funding is drying up across the board. (According to the online lending auction site Prosper.com, Small Business Administration gave out 17.6% fewer loans compared with the same period last year.)

If it’s a recession, it could be a short one. And we may avert a recession altogether.

Those are not my predictions. They are comments published in light of the most recent economic data from April, that is just now being reported.

For instance, this report published in the New York Times, quotes the chief economist of Eaton Vance:

United States retail sales weakened modestly in April, but outside the hard-pressed auto sector they were more resilient than many economists had forecast, a government report showed on Tuesday.

The report echoed recent data showing underlying economic durability, including fewer job losses in April than feared and a surprisingly strong pace of first-quarter productivity.

The Commerce Department said overall retail sales declined 0.2 percent, but if cars were excluded, sales rose 0.5 percent. Economists expected total sales to slip 0.1 percent, but had forecast a gain of just 0.2 percent excluding autos.

“I think it’s a report that tells you the economy is very weak, but if we are in a recession it’s going to be a real short one,” said Robert B. MacIntosh, chief economist at Eaton Vance in Boston.

And then there’s this report, from BusinessWeek, suggesting that recession may be avoided altogether:

Recession is still very much a matter of opinion, not a matter of fact. Some economists are even taking at least a half-step back from their previous beliefs that a downturn is all but inevitable. So far, most of the economic data outside of homebuilding and house prices have not met the recession forecasters’ downbeat expectations. Businesses are reining in their capital spending, but not dramatically. Employment losses have not matched the size of those in past recessions. And even consumer spending through April, at least outside of flagging auto sales, is holding up far better than expected.

So, are they right? I don’t know. But I do know that things don’t seem to feel as bad. I’m not sure how to describe it, other than the fact that what’s happening in the economy right now feels slow, but not dismal.

By now, the so-called subprime mortgage mess is probably old news to you. Some lenders who made higher risk loans got caught with their pants down.

Inevitably, that has caused some lenders to ratchet back on new loans, as they work to resolve delinquencies and credit issues.

Now there are a few signs that the small business loan market may not be immune from issues. Some lenders say they are experiencing higher levels of delinquency among small business loans. Lenders such as Bank America, which offered “express” loans that could be secured in as little as 24 hours, up to $100,000 with little or no collateral, are now dealing with delinquencies, they say. As a result, they have discontinued the express loan program.

What’s hard to tell is how widespread this issue is for small businesses. It looks to me like Bank America was very aggressive in trying to grow its small business loan portfolio. It overly relaxed its underwriting standards to achieve that goal. That’s been a recurring refrain among lenders over the years and decades, and not just with small business loans. Aggressive growth always brings extra risk.

But, to the extent that credit is tightening, just remember that factoring may be an alternative. Factoring is not credit. Factoring is about accelerating cash flow (invoices receivables) already due you. The primary issue is going to be your customer’s likelihood of paying their invoice they owe you. Your borrowing ability and debt level is not the main issue with factoring, as it is when you go to get a loan.

As if you didn’t already have enough tax record-keeping to contend with, some proposals are afoot that could add extra work and expense for compliance.

According to the New York Times, the budget proposed by President Bush, if approved, would “require detailed reporting of credit card transactions to the Internal Revenue Service. Another would require most owners of small businesses to report any payments above $600 to corporations, like Federal Express, for services.”

The measure related to the credit card transactions is designed to provide a records trail that would enable more audits of small businesses.  From the small business perspective it also would add a huge paperwork burden.  You’d not only have to match the credit card receipts with other records, but deduct returns item by item.

How often have you heard the phrase, “the check’s in the mail?” It must be often enough that the market for factoring is growing. And now it looks like the factoring companies are turning into chains.

From the Financial Post in Canada comes a story about franchising of factors.:

“The cheque’s in the mail.” How many times have you heard that? For small business owners and contractors, it’s a phrase heard all too often and it evokes wry grins or agonizing groans, depending upon whom you ask.

Even when dealing with household corporate names, delayed payments are surprisingly common as head offices decide contractors or vendors can wait another 30, 60, or even 90 days for whatever reason. It turns out companies that provide interim financing to these struggling small business owners by purchasing their creditworthy, outstanding invoices — minus a fee — comprise a thriving, if little-known, global industry.

It’s called factoring and it’s worth an estimated $1-trillion a year worldwide, with $100-billion of that in the United States and about $4-billion in Canada ….

This must be a signal of a new trend in the factoring business. If entrepreneurs have come up with this kind of franchising idea, my guess is that you have strong potential for this industry and we will see a growing international scope later on.

But don’t underestimate the value of experience. Facteon, at around 8 years old, caught the curve of this industry early and has the track record to prove it. Plus, there’s personalized service that’s hard to match through a franchised approach.